Icyuma cyoroshye

Kubwibyo, ibiyigize bisa nicyuma cyera, hamwe na karuboni na silikoni nyinshi. Icyuma cyoroshye kirimo grafitike ya grafitike itagaragara rwose kuko iri mubyuma byangirika kuko bikozwe muburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe aho kuba mugihe cyo gukonjesha. Icyuma cyoroshye gikozwe mbere yo gutera icyuma cyera kugirango hirindwe flake ya grafite, kandi karubone yose idashonga iri muburyo bwa karbide. Icyuma cyoroshye gitangira nkicyuma cyera giterwa ubushyuhe bukorerwa umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri kuri 950 ° C (1,740 ° F) hanyuma bigakonja kumunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Kubera iyo mpamvu, karubone iri muri karbide yicyuma ihinduka grafite nodules ikikijwe na materique ya ferrite cyangwa pearlite, bitewe nigipimo cyo gukonja. Inzira itinda ituma ubuso buringaniye bwo gukora grafite node aho kuba flake. Icyuma cyoroshye, kimwe nicyuma gihindagurika, gifite guhindagurika no gukomera kuko gihuza nodular grafite na matrike ya karubone nkeya. Kimwe nicyuma cyangirika, icyuma cyoroshye nacyo kigaragaza imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa kandi ikora neza. Ibyuma byoroshye byoroshye imbaraga zo kugabanya imbaraga numunaniro nabyo ni ingirakamaro kumurimo muremure mubice bitsindagiye cyane. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwicyuma ferritic malleable fer: umutima wumukara na cyera.

Bikunze gukoreshwa kubuto buto busaba imbaraga zingirakamaro hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhindagurika utavunitse (ductility). Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyuma byoroshye byoroshye birimo ibice byinshi byingenzi byimodoka nkabatwara ibintu bitandukanye, imanza zinyuranye, gutwara imipira, hamwe ninzu yububiko. Ibindi bikoreshwa birimo ibikoresho byamaboko, utwugarizo, ibice byimashini, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ibikoresho byumuyoboro, ibikoresho byubuhinzi, nibikoresho byamabuye y'agaciro.